Nhoroondo uye terminology yesimbi machining

Nhoroondo uye terminology:
Chirevo chaicho cheizwi machining chakashanduka mukati memazana zana nehafu apfuura sezvo tekinoroji yave mberi.Muzana remakore rechi18, shoko rokuti machinist raingoreva munhu anovaka kana kugadzira michina.Basa remunhu uyu rainyanya kuitwa nemaoko, pachishandiswa nzira dzakadai sekuveza matanda uye kugadzira nemaoko uye kuisa simbi nemaoko.Panguva iyoyo, vanyori vezvigayo uye vavaki vemarudzi matsva einjini (zvinoreva, zvishoma kana zvishoma, michina yemhando ipi zvayo), yakadai saJames Watt kana John Wilkinson, yaizoenderana netsanangudzo.Izwi rechiito muchina uye chiito kumushini (muchina, machining) akange asati avepo.

Pakati pezana remakore rechi20, mazwi ekupedzisira akaumbwa sepfungwa dzaaitsanangura dzakashanduka kuva hupenyu hwakapararira.Naizvozvo, panguva yeMachini Age, machining anoreva (izvo isu nhasi tingadaidza) iwo "chinyakare" machining maitiro, senge kutendeuka, kufinha, kuchera, kugaya, broaching, sawing, kuumba, planing, reming, uye kubaya.Mune aya "chinyakare" kana "chinyakare" machining maitiro, maturusi emuchina, senge lathes, milling muchina, drill presses, kana mamwe, anoshandiswa neinopinza yekucheka chishandiso kubvisa zvinhu kuti uwane inodiwa geometry.

Kubva pakauya matekinoroji matsva mushure meHondo Yenyika II, senge magetsi ekuburitsa machining, electrochemical machining, electron beam machining, photochemical machining, uye ultrasonic machining, retronym "conventional machining" inogona kushandiswa kusiyanisa iyo tekinoroji yekare kubva. vatsva.Mukushandiswa kwazvino, izwi rekuti "machining" pasina qualification rinowanzoreva maitiro echinyakare machining.

Mumakumi emakore e2000s uye 2010s, sekuwedzera kwekugadzira (AM) kwakashanduka kupfuura iyo yekutanga marabhoritari uye nekukurumidza prototyping mamiriro uye yakatanga kuve yakajairika muzvikamu zvese zvekugadzira, izwi rekuti subtractive kugadzira rakave rakajairika retronymously mukusiyana zvine musoro ne AM, ichivhara zvakanyanya. chero maitiro ekubvisa zvakare akambofukidzwa nezwi machining.Aya mazwi maviri anonyatsoenderana, kunyangwe kushandiswa kwenguva refu kweizwi machining kuchienderera mberi.Izvi zvinofananidzwa nepfungwa yekuti izwi rechiito rekubatana rakavapo nekuda kwekuwanda kwenzira dzekubata munhu (runhare, email, IM, SMS, zvichingodaro) asi harina kutsiva zvachose mazwi ekutanga akadai sekufona, kutaura naye, kana kunyorera ku.

Machining mashandiro:
Iwo matatu makuru machining maitiro akaiswa muchikamu sekutendeuka, kuchera uye kugaya.Mamwe maoparesheni anowira muzvikamu zvakasiyana anosanganisira kuumba, kuronga, kufinha, kubhuroka uye kusaha.

Kushandura mashandiro ndiwo maoparesheni anotenderedza workpiece senzira yekutanga yekufambisa simbi ichipikisana nechishandiso chekucheka.Lathes ndiyo yakakosha muchina chishandiso chinoshandiswa mukutendeuka.
Milling Operations maoperation umo mudziyo wekucheka unotenderera kuunza kucheka mipendero kutarisana neworkpiece.Machina ekugaya ndiwo mukuru muchina chishandiso chinoshandiswa mukugayo.
Drilling Operations mashandiro ayo maburi anogadzirwa kana kunatswa nekuunza inotenderera inocheka ine inocheka micheto pazasi kumucheto kuti ibatane neworkpiece.Kuchera kunoitwa zvakanyanya mumichina yekudhirowa asi dzimwe nguva pamalathesi kana zvigayo.
Miscellaneous Operations maoparesheni ayo anogona kunge asiri emuchina maoparesheni pakuti anogona kunge asiri ekugadzira mavhiya asi maoparesheni aya anoitwa pachishandiswa muchina.Kupisa muenzaniso wekuvhiya kwakasiyana.Kupisa hakubudisi swarf asi kunogona kuitwa pa lathe, mill, kana drill press.
Chishandiso chisina kupera chinoda machining chinoda kuchekwa chimwe chinhu kuti chigadzire chigadzirwa chapera.Chigadzirwa chakapedzwa chingave chebasa chinosangana nezvinodiwa zvechishandiso icho nemadhirowa einjiniya kana mablueprints.Semuenzaniso, workpiece inogona kudiwa kuti ive nechekunze kunze kwedhayamita.Lathe mudziyo wemuchina unogona kushandiswa kugadzira dhayamita iyoyo nekutenderedza simbi yekushanda, kuitira kuti mudziyo wekucheka ukwanise kucheka simbi kure, kugadzira nzvimbo yakatsetseka, yakatenderera inoenderana nedhayamita inodiwa uye kupera kwepamusoro.Chibooreso chinogona kushandiswa kubvisa simbi muchimiro chegomba recylindrical.Mamwe maturusi anogona kushandiswa pamhando dzakasiyana dzekubvisa simbi michina yekugaya, masaha, nemichina yekukuya.Zvizhinji zveiyi nzira dzakafanana dzinoshandiswa mukugadzira huni.

Zvichangoburwa, hunyanzvi hwekugadzira machining hunosanganisira kunyatsoita CNC machining, magetsi ekuburitsa machining (EDM), electro-chemical machining (ECM), kucheka laser, kana kucheka kwejeti yemvura kuumba simbi yekushanda.

Sebhizimusi rekutengesa, machining anowanzo itwa muchitoro chemuchina, chine imwe kana anopfuura imba yekushandira ine maturusi makuru emuchina.Kunyangwe chitoro chemuchina chinogona kunge chakamira-chega, mabhizinesi mazhinji anochengetedza zvitoro zvemuchina zvemukati zvinotsigira zvinodiwa zvebhizinesi.

Machining inoda kutariswa kune akawanda akawanda ebasa kuti asangane nemadimikira akaiswa muinjiniya kudhirowa kana mablueprints.Padivi pezvinetso zviri pachena zvine chekuita nechiyero chakaringana, pane dambudziko rekuwana iyo chaiyo kupedzisa kana kutsvedza kwepamusoro pane workpiece.Iyo yakaderera kupera inowanikwa pamusoro pemuchina wechishandiso chinogona kukonzerwa nekusungirira zvisirizvo, chishandiso chakagomara, kana kuratidzwa kusina kufanira kwechombo.Kazhinji, kupera kwakashata kwepamusoro uku, kunozivikanwa sekutaura, kunoonekwa nekupera kana kusarongeka, uye kutaridzika kwemafungu pamichina yebasa.

Mhedziso yehunyanzvi hwekugadzira michina:
Machining inzira ipi neipi iyo chimbo chekucheka chinoshandiswa kubvisa zviduku zviduku zvezvinhu kubva pakushanda (workpiece inowanzonzi "basa").Kuti uite basa racho, kufamba kunodiwa kunodiwa pakati pechombo nebasa.Uku kufambiswa kwehama kunowanikwa mukushanda kwakawanda kwemuchina kuburikidza nekutanga kufamba, kunonzi "kucheka kukurumidza" uye kumwe kufamba kunonzi "feed".Chimiro chechishandiso uye kupinda kwayo munzvimbo yebasa, yakasanganiswa nemafambiro aya, inoburitsa chimiro chinodiwa chebasa rinobuda.

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